Groundworks, explained without the sales pitch
UK groundworks guidance

Groundworks, explained without the sales pitch

What foundations, excavation, site clearance and drainage really cost, how prices work per metre and per square metre, and where the number moves on your site. Every figure is a range, with its source.

£5k–£50k+ typical groundworks project£130–£200/m strip foundation, per metre10–15% of total build cost
Sourced UK guidancetrade cost guides & rate dataRanges, not promisescosts depend on your siteVetted contractorschecked & introduced

In 40 seconds

Groundworks on a typical UK project usually costs roughly £5,000–£50,000+, with the foundation work commonly making up around 10–15% of the total build cost. Strip foundations run roughly £130–£200 per linear metre for standard domestic depths, so a three-bedroom house often lands somewhere around £10,000–£18,000 depending on perimeter and ground. Measured by area, a single-storey extension base of around 20m² typically falls in the £4,680–£9,500 range, often around £6,000–£7,500 outside London and the South East. The honest answer is always a range, because it depends on your ground conditions, the foundation type, access and how much soil has to be excavated and carted away.

Most groundworks guidance is published by firms doing the work, so the numbers tend to be optimistic and the variables glossed over. The pages below give honest cost ranges for foundations, excavation, site clearance and drainage, and explain what actually moves the price — before you take a single quote.

£5k–£50k+
typical project
£130–£200/m
strip foundation
£150–£250/m²
concrete base
10–15%
of build cost

Cost & pricing

What groundworks actually costs in the UK, and what moves the number.

Cost

How much do groundworks cost in the UK?

Typical project ranges, why ground conditions and access swing the figure, and how foundations, excavation and drainage add up.

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Included in a quote?

Are groundworks included in a build quote?

Whether groundworks are part of a builder's quote, and how to check before you sign.

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Conservatory base

How much do groundworks cost for a conservatory?

Typical UK groundworks costs for a conservatory base and dwarf wall, before the frame goes on.

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Driveway groundworks

How much do groundworks cost for a driveway?

Typical UK groundworks costs for preparing a driveway base, before the surface goes on.

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Garden room base

How much do groundworks cost for a garden room?

Typical UK groundworks costs for a garden room base, from slab to ground screws.

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New build house

How much do groundworks cost for a new build house?

Typical UK groundworks costs for a new build home, from foundations to the slab and drainage.

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Extension groundworks

How much do groundworks cost for an extension?

Typical UK groundworks costs for a single and double-storey extension, and what the figure covers.

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Day rate

How much does a groundworks day rate cost?

Typical UK day rates for groundworkers and plant, and when day rate beats a fixed price.

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Share of build cost

What percentage of a build is groundworks?

How much of a UK build budget groundworks usually take, and why the share varies so much.

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Why so expensive

Why are groundworks so expensive?

The real reasons groundworks cost so much in the UK, from spoil disposal to foundation depth.

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Foundations

What foundations cost per metre, and how the types compare.

Foundations

How much do foundations cost in the UK?

Strip, trench-fill, raft and piled foundations compared, the cost per linear metre, and why ground conditions decide the type.

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Building near trees

What foundations do you need near trees?

How tree species, height and distance change foundation depth on clay, why heave matters if a tree is removed, and how NHBC tables and Building Control set the design.

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Foundation depth

How deep do foundations need to be in the UK?

Why there is no single legal depth, how clay and trees push trenches to 1.5m and beyond, and why Building Control confirms the figure in the open trench.

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Foundation timescale

How long does it take to lay foundations?

How long the dig, inspection, pour and curing realistically take for an extension, why concrete strength and Building Control inspections set the pace, and what causes delays.

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Foundation width

How wide do foundations need to be for an extension?

Why foundation width depends on the wall load and the soil's bearing capacity, the typical 450–600mm starting point, and how Part A and Building Control set the figure.

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Raft cost

How much does a raft foundation cost?

What a reinforced concrete raft costs for a UK extension, why it is priced by the slab rather than the trench, and the ground conditions that make it the sensible choice.

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Strip vs trench fill

What is the difference between strip and trench fill foundations?

Both are concrete in a trench, but one is a thin footing with masonry built up below ground and the other fills the trench with concrete — and the depth usually decides which is cheaper.

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Underpinning

Do I need underpinning or new foundations?

How to tell whether existing foundations need strengthening rather than replacing, what underpinning involves and costs, and why a structural engineer must diagnose the cause first.

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Pile foundations

What are pile foundations and when do you need them?

How piles carry load down to a firm stratum through soft or shrinkable ground, the difference between bored, driven and screw piles, and when an extension actually needs them.

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Choosing foundations

What type of foundation do I need for an extension?

How the soil, ground conditions, nearby trees and your structure decide whether you need strip, trench fill, raft or piled foundations — and who actually makes that call.

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Cost per square metre

How groundworks and concrete bases price up by area.

Per m²

How much do groundworks cost per square metre?

Concrete base and oversite costs per m², a worked extension-base example, and why per-metre and per-m² figures both appear in quotes.

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Concrete driveway per m²

How much does a concrete driveway cost per square metre?

Typical UK cost per square metre for a concrete driveway, including base, finish and drainage.

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Concrete slab per m²

How much does a concrete slab cost per square metre?

Typical UK cost per square metre to lay a concrete slab, including base and labour.

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Raft foundation per m²

How much does a raft foundation cost per square metre?

Typical UK cost per square metre for a raft foundation, and when it beats strip footings.

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Strip foundation per metre

How much does a strip foundation cost per linear metre?

Typical UK cost per linear metre for strip and trench-fill foundations, dug and poured.

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Block and beam per m²

How much does block and beam flooring cost per square metre?

Typical UK cost per square metre for a beam and block ground floor, supplied and fitted.

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Excavation per m³

How much does excavation cost per cubic metre?

Typical UK excavation cost per cubic metre, with and without spoil disposal.

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Ground reduction per m²

How much does ground reduction cost per square metre?

Typical UK cost per square metre for reduced-level dig (ground reduction), including muck away.

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Hardcore per m²

How much does hardcore cost per square metre?

Typical UK cost per square metre for hardcore sub-base, supplied, laid and compacted.

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Muck away per tonne

How much does muck away cost per tonne?

Typical UK muck away costs per tonne and per load, and why contamination changes everything.

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Site clearance & excavation

Clearing the site, digging out and carting spoil away.

Site clearance

How much does site clearance and muck-away cost?

What clearance and muck-away cover, disposal cost per tonne, soil swell factors, and why access and tip distance move the price.

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Contaminated soil

How much does contaminated soil removal cost?

What it costs to test, classify and remove contaminated soil from a UK site, why hazardous waste tipping is so expensive, and the regulations and testing involved.

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Excavation cost

How much does excavation cost in the UK?

Typical UK excavation prices by the cubic metre and by the day, how digger and operator hire is charged, what muck away adds, and the ground conditions that change the figure.

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Foundation trenches

How much does it cost to dig foundation trenches?

What it costs to excavate foundation trenches in the UK, how depth, soil and access change the figure, why Building Control sets the depth, and what muck away adds.

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Extension dig-out

How much does it cost to dig out for an extension?

What the excavation and foundation dig for a UK house extension costs, how trench fill versus strip foundations compare, and the muck-away and access factors that set the price.

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Levelling a slope

How much does it cost to level a sloping site?

What it costs to level a sloping UK garden or plot — cut-and-fill, retaining walls, imported fill and muck away — and why slope severity and access set the figure.

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Concrete removal

How much does it cost to remove a concrete base?

What it costs to break out and remove an old concrete slab, garage base or driveway in the UK, how thickness and reinforcement change the job, and the disposal options.

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Stump removal

How much does it cost to remove a tree stump for groundworks?

What it costs to grind or dig out a tree stump and roots before a UK build, how stump size and method change the price, and why TPOs and roots matter for foundations.

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Muck away

How much does muck away removal cost?

What it costs to cart excavated spoil off a UK site by skip and grab lorry, how tonnage and tipping fees work, the effect of Landfill Tax, and why soil type changes the price.

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Site strip rate

How much does site strip cost per square metre?

The typical per-square-metre cost to strip topsoil off a UK site, what the rate includes, how strip depth and muck away change it, and why clean topsoil can offset the bill.

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Site clearance

How much does it cost to clear a building site?

What it costs to clear a UK building plot of vegetation, rubble, old structures and topsoil before groundworks begin, how skip and grab hire are charged, and what pushes the price up.

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Ground reduction

What is ground reduction and how much does it cost?

What a reduced-level dig is, why it's done before a slab or extension, how it's priced by area and depth, and the muck-away and ground factors that set the figure.

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Drainage groundworks

Land drains, connections and the drainage element of a dig.

Drainage

How much does drainage groundworks cost?

Land drains per metre, sump pumps, the drainage allowance on an extension, and why connections and depth move the figure.

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Drain diversion

Can I divert a drain for an extension?

When a drain running under your planned extension can be moved, when the water company must consent, what diversion involves and costs, and the build-over alternative.

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Sewer connection

How much does it cost to connect to a main sewer?

What a new connection to the public foul sewer costs, the water company application and fees involved, and why distance, depth and road excavation drive the figure.

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Soakaways

Do I need a soakaway and how much does it cost?

When surface water has to go to a soakaway, how a percolation test decides if your ground is suitable, what a soakaway costs, and the Part H and SUDS rules behind it.

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Extension drainage cost

How much does it cost to install drainage for an extension?

What new foul and surface water drainage adds to an extension, why connecting or diverting existing drains drives the cost, and the regulations that shape the work.

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Foul vs surface water

What is the difference between foul and surface water drainage?

Why wastewater and rainwater are kept on separate systems, where each is allowed to discharge, and how Part H and SUDS shape the drainage layout for an extension.

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Pipe depth & gradient

How deep should drainage pipes be?

Why drain depth follows gradient, frost and load rather than a fixed number, the typical fall for a 100mm foul pipe, and how Part H sets the bedding and cover.

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Manhole cost

How much does a new manhole cost?

What a new inspection chamber or manhole costs, why depth and whether it carries traffic drive the figure, and the Part H access rules behind where they go.

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Build-over agreement

What is a build over agreement and do I need one?

When building over or near a public sewer means you need the water company's consent, what the agreement involves, the survey and fees, and what happens if you skip it.

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SUDS

What is SUDS and how does it affect my groundworks?

What sustainable drainage means in practice, the surface water hierarchy that pushes rainwater into the ground, and how SUDS changes the groundworks and cost on an extension.

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How it works

Guidance first. Quotes only if you want them.

We publish honest, sourced answers on groundworks costs — foundations, excavation, site clearance and drainage — then, if you'd like prices, match you with a vetted groundworks contractor who assesses your ground and quotes on a clear specification. Costs are always shown as ranges that depend on your site. No obligation, and you decide whether to proceed.